There are three types of cones:
- S (short-wavelength) ~420nm, violet
- M (middle-wavelength) ~534nm, green
- L (long-wavelength) ~563nm, yellowish green
Colors stimulate each cone type in different proportions—
each color accorded a tristimulus value.
The set of all possible tristimulus values yields the visible color space (10 million colors).
There is one type of rod:
Rods are only informative in dim light,
when the cones are understimulated.
The brain processes tristimulus values into three opponent channels:
- red-green
- blue-yellow
- black-white (luminance)
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